英语中有一种问句叫修辞性问句(Rhetorical questions),传统语法书极少介绍,非英语专业的英语教程也极少涉及,以致英语学习者在阅读理解中遇见此类问句时常会感到疑惑,甚至误解原文的意思。为了便捷网友学英语,我将夸克《英语语法大全》中有关修辞性问句部分整理如下,供网友参考。

修辞性问句在结构上是问句的形式,但实为一种强烈的陈述。这种问句一般并不期待回答。修辞性问句可以是一般疑问句的形式,也可以是特殊疑问句的形式。可以是一定的问句形式,也可以是相反的问句形式。

一定形式的修辞性一般疑问句表示一种强烈的否定意义;而否定形式的问句表示强烈的一定意义。比如:

1 一定形式的修辞性一般问句:

Is that a reason for despair? [Surely that is not a reason. . .]

难道那就是绝望的原因吗?(那一定不是绝望的原因。)

Can anyone doubt the wisdom of this action? [Surely no one can doubt. . .]

其他人能怀疑这个行动的明智之处吗?(一定无人可以怀疑这个行动的明智之处。)

2 否定形式的修辞性一般问句:

Isnt the answer obvious? [Surely the answer is obvious.]

答案难道不是显而易见的吗?(答案当然是显而易见的。)

Havent you got anything better to do? [Surely you have something better to do.]

难道你没其它更好的事情可做吗?(你一定有更好的事情可做。)

3 一定形式的修辞性特殊问句等于用否定词项替换疑问词后的陈述句。比如:

Who knows/cares? [Nobody knows/cares or I dont know/care.]

哪个了解/在乎呢?(没人了解/在乎。我不了解/我才不在乎呢。)

What difference does it make? [It makes no difference.]

这能有哪些差别呢?(这根本没任何差别。)

How should I know? [There is no reason why I should know.]

我如何能了解?(我不可能了解。)

What should Isay? [There is nothing that I should say.]

我能怎么说呢?(我无话可说。)

What makes you think you can do better? [Nothing should make

you think you can do better.]

你凭什么觉得你能做得更好?(你根本没理由觉得你能做得更好。)

How can I help it? [There is no reason why I can help it.]

我能有哪些方法?(我没任何方法。)

非一定词可用于这种问句:

What has he ever done for you? 他什么都没为你做过。

Who has any money to spare these days?这类日子哪个还会有闲钱?(没人有)

4 否定形式的修辞性特殊疑问句相对少见一些。这个时候等于用一定词项替换疑问词后的陈述句。

Who doesn’t know? [Everybody knows.]

哪个会不了解呢?(每人都了解。)

How couldn’t you remember? [You certainly should have remembered.]

你如何能不记得呢?(你一定应该还记得。)


为了加深印象,请网友将下列修辞性问句翻译成汉语的陈述句(当然用汉语的反问句翻译也是可以的)。

1 Do you believe him?

2 Isnt it obvious?

3 Dont you remenber me?

4 Who doesnt want to earn more money?

5 When have you heard me say that?

6 Why did you lend him momey?

7 How could you belive him?

8 What could I do in that situation?

9 Who knows where he is?

10 Who hasnt made mistakes?


This is a very good TOPic. Very often we pay enough attention to grammar and pronunciation, while far less to rhetoric and vocabulary.