商贸英语|金融英语阅读：衍生工具

A derivative^{1 is a financial instrument whose value depends on the price of an underlying2 instrument, such as currencies, commodities or securities. Common examples of derivatives3 include swaps4, options, futures5 and FRAs. These particular types of derivatives are called over-the-counter （OTC） derivatives and futures in particular are traded on an exchange. In terms of options, the most common are called put （sell） and call （buy） options. Swaps on the other hand, come in many different forms. The most common forms include interest-rate swaps, currency swaps and credit swaps.}